![]() The challenge of Nazi Germany forced the Western Allies and the Soviets into wartime cooperation. The Cold War ended in the late 1980s with Mikhail Gorbachev's launching of his internal reform programs perestroika and glasnost and gave up power over Eastern Europe in 1991 Soviet Union dissolved. There were repeated crises that threatened to escalate into world wars (but never did), notably the Korean War (1950-1953), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), and the Vietnam War (1964-1975), but there were also periods when tension was reduced as both sides sought détente. sought " containment" of communism and forged alliances, particularly in Western Europe, the Mideast, and Southeast Asia. Over the following decades, the Cold War spread outside Europe to every region of the world, as the U.S. ![]() and the Soviet Union had been wartime allies against Nazi Germany, even before the end of the Second World War, the two sides differed on how to reconstruct the postwar world. There also were proxy wars, such as the Korean War and the Vietnam War.Īlthough the U.S. But there was a half-century of military buildups, and political battles for support around the world. There never was a major battle between the U.S. In 1947 the term "Cold War" was introduced by Americans Bernard Baruch and Walter Lippmann to describe emerging tensions between the two former wartime allies. Throughout the period, the rivalry was played out in multiple arenas: military coalitions, ideology a massive conventional and nuclear arms race and proxy wars. The main Soviet allies were Eastern Europe and (until the Sino-Soviet Split), China. The Cold War was the period of protracted conflict and competition between the United States and the Soviet Union and their allies from the late 1950s until the late 1980s. ![]() Related subjects: Recent History History of the
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